DAY 1 · MODULE 3

Ports & Protocols

Connect common TCP/UDP ports with the services that use them and the risks of unnecessary exposure.

45 minPort mapping exerciseIn Progress
01 · LEARN

Understand the concept

Port numbers
TCP services
UDP services
HTTP / HTTPS
SSH
DNS
SMTP
Database ports
Why this matters

Open services define part of a system attack surface. Defenders need to know why each port is available.

02 · VISUALIZE

See what happens internally

Interactive visualization loads here.
Stage 2 Interactive Lab

Operate this concept in a larger realtime simulation and save your practical score.

Open Interactive Lab
03 · PRACTICAL

Perform the activity

  1. Review the listening ports on your own computer.
  2. Match ports 22, 53, 80, 443 and 3306 with services.
  3. Decide which services should or should not be exposed in a sample server design.
Workshop safety: Activities involving scanning, web vulnerabilities or security testing must be performed only on the assigned training target or intentionally vulnerable lab.
04 · CODE / COMMANDS

Read and understand the working example

Common examples:
22 SSH
53 DNS
80 HTTP
443 HTTPS
3306 MySQL

This example is shown for guided learning. Real host/network execution is reserved for the isolated cyber-range stage.

05 · CHALLENGE

Prove your understanding

A training server exposes 22, 80 and 3306. Explain which service is most likely behind each port and whether public exposure is necessary.

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